Active Motif's CI-994 is an orally active histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.9, 0.9, 1.2, and >20 uM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC8 respectively). It mediates G1 cell cycle arrest, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. It also increases neuroplasticity during memory extinction and protects beta cells from cytokine-induced apoptosis.